(a) = a^2
(a,b,c,d . . . z,0) = (a,b,c,d . . . z)
(a,b) = (a^2,b-1)
(2,2) = (4,1) = (16,0) = 256
(a,b,c) = (a^2,b^2,c-1)
(2,2,2) = (4,4,1) = (16,16,0) = (256,15) = (65536,14) = (4294967296,13) = (2^64,12) = (2^128,11) . . . = (6.74114013 × 10315652,0) = (6.74114013 × 10315652) =
4.54429702 × 10631305
(a,b,c,d) = (a^2,b^2,c^2,d-1)
(a,b,c,d,e . . . y,z) = (a^2,b^2,c^2,d^2,e^2 . . . y^2,z-1)
(a[1]b) = (a,a,a,a,a,a,a . . . a,a,a,a)
(a[1]b[1]2) = ((a[1]b)[1]b)
(a[1]b[1]c) = (n[1]b) where n = (m[1]b) where m = . . . where z = (a[1]b), c times.