In googology, Veblen function is one of the most popular that defines ordinal fundamental sequence. Here I want to redefine it into something more powerful.
1- Ordinal Arithmetic using Hyper Operators
- For positive integer a and Ordinal O:
- O《1》a = O+a
- O《2》a = O*a
- O《3》a = O↑a
- O《4》a = O↑↑a
- O《5》a = O↑↑↑a
- And so on.
- For positive integer b and ordinal P:
- O《b+1》c+1 = (O《b+1》c)《b》O
- O《b+1》P+c+1 = (O《b+1》P+c)《b》O
- Other rules shall follow standard ordinal arithmetic and up arrow's rules.
2- One-variable
- For non-negative integer c: φ'(c) = c+1.
- φ'(0,0)
- = ... φ'(φ'(φ'(0))) ...
- = ω
3- Two-variable Veblen Function primed
- The function is right associative.
- φ'(0,c+1)
- = φ'(0,c)《ω》ω
- ={φ'(0,c)《1》1, φ'(0,c)《2》2, φ'(0,c)《3》3, ...}
- ={φ'(0,c)+1, φ'(0,c)*2, φ'(0,c)↑3, ...}
- φ'(1,0) = ... φ'(0,φ'(0,φ'(0,0))) ...
- φ'(1,c+1) = φ'(1,c)《ω》ω.
- φ'(1,O+c+1) = φ'(1,O+c)《ω》ω.
- φ'(2,0) = ... φ'(1,φ'(1,φ'(1,0))) ...
- Obviously the rest shall follow rule 2.1 to 2.5; and this shall continue for φ'(3,0), φ'(4,0) and so on.
4- SVO primed
- For ending with array of 0's:
- φ'(1,0,0) = ... φ'(φ'(φ'(1,0),0),0) ...
- φ'(1,0,0,0) = ... φ'(φ'(φ'(1,0,0),0,0),0,0) ...
- And so on.
- For array of non-negative integers #:
- φ'(#,c+1,0) = ... φ'(#,c,φ'(#,c,φ'(#,c,0))) ...
- φ'(#,c+1,0,0) = ... φ'(#,c,φ'(#,c,φ'(#,c,0,0),0),0) ...
- And so on.
- φ'(#,c+1) = φ'(#,c)《ω》ω.
- φ'(#,O+c+1) = φ'(#,O+c)《ω》ω.
- This shall continue for the whole SVO'.
5- LVO primed
Thanks to p-bot and gamesfan for giving me the idea of LVO. Here I used @ to indicate number of 0's in the array after 1.
- SVO'
- = φ'(1@φ'(0,0))
- ={φ'(1@1), φ'(1@2). φ'(1@3), ...}
- ={φ'(1,0), φ'(1,0,0), φ'(1,0,0,0), ...}
- LVO'
- = ...φ'(1@φ'(1@φ'(0,0)))...
- ={φ'(0,0), φ'(1@φ'(0,0)), φ'(1@φ'(1@φ'(0,0))), ...}
- φ'(1@O+c+1) = ...φ'(φ'(φ'(1@O+c)@O+c)@O+c)... , where O denotes an intermediate ordinal.
Note: This definition is also good for original SVO and LVO.